# Greenwood Passes at Marseille: A Significant Event in French History
## Introduction
The Greenwood Passes incident occurred on July 17, 1889, during the Franco-Prussian War. It was a pivotal moment in French military history, marking a turning point in the war and showcasing the bravery of French soldiers against overwhelming odds.
## Background
France had been fighting against Prussia since June 29, 1870, following the Franco-Prussian War. The conflict escalated rapidly, with France being forced to retreat from its capital, Paris, to Bordeaux. The German forces pursued them relentlessly, leading to a series of defensive battles along the Pyrenees Mountains.
## The Incident
On July 17, 1889, as the French army was retreating through the Pyrenees, they encountered a group of German cavalry led by General Count von Hindenburg. The Germans were attempting to cut off the French retreat route. In response,Serie A Overview the French commander, Marshal Bazaine, ordered his troops to form a defensive line known as "Les Étoiles," which meant "the Stars."
The battle began with a fierce exchange of fire between the French and German forces. The French soldiers fought bravely, using their superior tactics and discipline to hold back the advancing Germans. However, the German cavalry proved too powerful, and after several hours of intense combat, the French retreated.
## Aftermath
Despite losing the battle, the French managed to hold onto the area near the town of Saint-Germain-en-Laye. This victory was crucial for the French army's morale and allowed them to continue their retreat towards Bordeaux.
## Significance
The Greenwood Passes incident is considered a significant event in French military history because it demonstrated the resilience of the French people and their ability to fight against overwhelming odds. It also showcased the effectiveness of the French defensive tactics, which would later become famous and be used in other battles during World War I.
Moreover, the incident highlighted the importance of strategic planning and coordination in warfare. Marshal Bazaine's decision to form the "Étoiles" line was a critical factor in the success of the French defense.
## Conclusion
The Greenwood Passes incident was a turning point in the Franco-Prussian War, demonstrating the bravery and tenacity of French soldiers. It serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made during wartime and the importance of effective leadership and strategy in achieving military victories.